Ca Bau Kan is a novel that powerfully depicts history, Chinese culture, and the lives of women in colonial society. This novel is compelling because it presents social and cultural signs that can be analyzed through a semiotic approach. The methods used are the syntagmatic and paradigmatic approaches to semiotics to uncover representations of meaning. The research results reveal the following binary oppositions: 1) love and hate, 2) courage and fear, 3) victory and defeat, 4) freedom and colonization, and 5) the overarching ideological meaning that the characters continue to fight for their personal ideologies.

This study aims to analyze the implications of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model on students’ independence and learning motivation in class XI at SMK Negeri 4 Medan. The research employed a quantitative explanatory approach with a sample of 56 students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using validated and reliable questionnaires supported by observation. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS. The results showed that the implementation of PjBL had a significant effect on students’ independence and learning motivation, as indicated by t-count greater than t-table (7.677 > 2.052) and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. These findings indicate that PjBL enhances student engagement, encourages responsibility in learning, and improves learning motivation. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Project-Based Learning model has a significant positive implication in improving students’ independence and learning motivation

This study aims to determine the simultaneous and partial effects of Customer Experience (X1), Mobile Responsive Interface Design (X2), and Transaction Processing Speed (X3) on Online Satisfaction (Y) at food merchants on GoFood. The research method employed is descriptive quantitative, with data analysis conducted using multiple linear regression. The sampling technique utilized is purposive sampling, with the sample size determined by the Krejcie and Morgan formula for an unknown population, resulting in a total of 100 respondents. Validity and reliability tests were performed to ensure the quality of the research instrument. The multiple linear regression analysis yielded the following equation: Y = 6.853 + 0.530 X1 + 0.265 X2 + 0.211 X3 + e. The findings indicate that, simultaneously (F-test), the variables Customer Experience, Interface Design, and Transaction Processing Speed significantly influence Online Satisfaction, with an Fcount of 31.741 > Ftable 2.70 and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Partially (t-test), the results demonstrate a positive and significant impact for each variable: Customer Experience (X1) has a tcount of 4.612 > 1.98472, Interface Design (X2) has a tcount of 3.327 > 1.98472, and Transaction Processing Speed (X3) has a tcount of 2.944 > 1.98472. Based on these results, Customer Experience (X1) is the most dominant variable influencing Online Satisfaction. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (Adjusted R Square) of 0.482 indicates that this research model accounts for 48.2% of the variance in Online Satisfaction, while the remaining 51.8% is explained by other variables outside the scope of this study.

This study aims to determine the simultaneous and partial influence of intrinsic motivation, transformational leadership style and compensation on performance. The number of samples was 31 respondents. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression. The regression results produced the equation Y = 10.936 + 0.402X1 + 0.395X2 + 0.262X3. The F-test produced a value of F count (20.595) > F table (2.96), meaning that intrinsic motivation, transformational leadership style and empowerment have a simultaneous influence on performance. The results of the t-test, partially intrinsic motivation has a positive effect on performance because t count (2.297) > t table (2.04841), transformational leadership style has a positive effect on performance because t count (3.554) > t table (2.04841), its influence has a positive effect on performance because t count (2.011) > t table (2.04841). The R2 test results showed an adjusted R Square value of 0.638, indicating that the independent variables, consisting of intrinsic motivation, transformational leadership style, and fulfillment, were able to explain 63.8% of performance, while the remaining 36.2% was explained by other variables not included in this study.

This study aims to determine the simultaneous and partial effects of transaction security, consumer trust, and gamification on customer loyalty in the Shopee marketplace. This research employed a quantitative descriptive approach. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression. The sample was determined using a non-probability sampling technique through the Cochran approach, resulting in a total of 100 respondents. Validity and reliability tests were also conducted on the respondents as the research sample. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis produced the following equation: Y = 20.043 + 0.582X₁ + 0.488X₂ + 0.110X₃. The results of the F-test indicate that H₁ is accepted and H₀ is rejected, meaning that transaction security, consumer trust, and gamification simultaneously have a significant effect on customer loyalty, with an Fcount value of 18.708 which is greater than the Ftable value of 2.70. The results of the t-test indicate that H₂ is accepted and H₀ is rejected, meaning that transaction security partially has a significant effect on customer loyalty with a tcount value of 3.857 which is greater than the ttable value of 1.985. Consumer trust also has a significant effect on customer loyalty with a tcount value of 4.741 which is greater than the ttable value of 1.985. Furthermore, gamification has a significant effect on customer loyalty with a tcount value of 6.937 which is greater than the ttable value of 1.985. Based on the tcount values, the gamification variable is the most dominant factor influencing customer loyalty. The results of the coefficient of determination test (R²) show that the adjusted R square value is 0.409, indicating that transaction security, consumer trust, and gamification explain 40.9% of the variation in customer loyalty, while the remaining 59.1% is influenced by other factors not included in this study.

This study aims to determine the simultaneous and partial effects of individual characteristics, internal communication, and work environment on work ethic. This research is a quantitative descriptive study, utilizing multiple linear regression for data analysis. The sampling technique employed was saturated sampling, involving 68 respondents. Validity and reliability tests were conducted to ensure the research instrument's adequacy. The multiple linear regression analysis yielded the equation: Y = 4.597 + 0.282X1 + 0.497X2 + 0.146X3. The F-test results demonstrate that H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected, indicating that individual characteristics, internal communication, and work environment simultaneously influence work ethic, with an Fvalue (12.575) > Ftable (2.75). The t-test results prove that, partially, individual characteristics have a positive and significant effect on work ethic with a tvalue (4.643) > ttable (1.99714); internal communication has a positive and significant effect on work ethic with a tvalue (3.635) > ttable (1.99714); and work environment has a positive and significant effect on work ethic with a tvalue (3.668) > ttable (1.99714). Based on the tvalues, individual characteristics emerged as the most dominant factor influencing work ethic. The R-squared test results show an adjusted R-square value of 0.541, explaining that the contribution of individual characteristics, internal communication, and work environment to work ethic is 54.1%, while the remaining 45.9% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.  

This study aims to determine the simultaneous and partial effects of green leadership, work motivation, and work discipline on employee performance. This type of research is descriptive quantitative with data analysis using multiple linear regression. The sampling technique used is saturated sampling with a total of 68 respondents. Validity and reliability tests were conducted to ensure the research instrument was feasible for use. Multiple linear regression analysis yielded the equation: Y = 10.874 + 0.260X1 + 0.344X2 + 0.389X3. The Ftest results prove that H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected, meaning that simultaneously green leadership, work motivation, and work discipline affect performance with an Fcount (5.949) > Ftable (2.75). The t-test results prove that partially green leadership has a positive and significant effect on performance with a tcount (3.404) > ttable (1.99714), work motivation has a positive and significant effect on performance with a tcount (4.986) > ttable (1.99714), and work discipline has a positive and significant effect on performance with a tcount (3.501) > ttable (1.99714). Based on the tcount value, the work motivation variable is the most dominant factor influencing performance. The R2 test results prove that the adjusted R-square value is 0.581, explaining that the magnitude of the influence generated by green leadership, work motivation, and work discipline on performance is 58.1%, while the remaining 41.9% is influenced by other factors not included in this study.

The protection of children's data on social media is an issue that requires serious attention from various parties in order to prevent various negative impacts on users, especially children. This research uses a normative legal research method. The results of the study indicate that forms of misuse of children's data on digital platforms, such as excessive data collection, data mining and profiling, sale of data to third parties, targeted advertising, and identity theft, demonstrate that children's digital activities can pose serious threats to their privacy rights and security. Legal regulations and prevention of misuse of children's data have been regulated under Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection. However, the regulation still has several weaknesses, such as the absence of detailed provisions regarding the special processing of children's data. Effective legal policies to protect children's personal data require specific regulations or implementing rules that comprehensively regulate the collection, use, and storage of children's personal data. The processing of children's personal data must also involve verified consent from parents or legal guardians, along with active government supervision to prevent data misuse. In addition, every digital platform is required to implement strong cybersecurity standards to protect children's personal data from data breaches and illegal access.

This study is motivated by the existence of dual mechanisms of accountability for members of the Indonesian National Police (Polri) who commit narcotics-related crimes, namely criminal proceedings in the general courts and ethical-administrative proceedings through the Police Professional Code of Ethics Commission (KKEPP). This dual system often raises debates regarding the legitimacy of ethical sanctions, the application of the ne bis in idem principle, and the consistency of law and ethics enforcement within the Indonesian legal system. The purpose of this research is to analyze the legal accountability system for Polri members who commit narcotics crimes in both the criminal and ethical domains, as well as to examine the principles of professional ethics in relation to criminal court decisions and KKEPP decisions. This research applies the legal system theory and professional ethics theory. The method used is normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The results show that the Indonesian legal system recognizes criminal and ethical accountability as two distinct but complementary mechanisms. Criminal court decisions determine the legal guilt of the offender, while KKEPP decisions assess integrity, moral responsibility, and the professional suitability of Polri members. Ethical sanctions in the form of Dishonorable Discharge (PTDH) do not violate the ne bis in idem principle because they fall within the domain of administrative law and professional ethics. The relationship between criminal and ethical decisions is complementary and plays an important role in maintaining professional integrity, institutional professionalism, and public trust in Polri

Lung diseases are a serious health issue that requires prompt and accurate treatment. However, in practice, medical professionals often face challenges such as high patient volumes, limited examination time, and the similarity of symptoms across different types of lung diseases, which make it difficult to consistently establish an initial diagnosis. This study aims to design and develop a medical decision support system to diagnose lung diseases using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with the Hebb Rule algorithm. The types of diseases focused on in this study include Asthma, Bronchitis, COPD, and Pulmonary TB. The research methodology utilized 100 patient medical records from H. OK Arya Zulkarnain General Hospital as training data, consisting of 39 clinical symptom variables. The system was developed using the PHP programming language and a MySQL database. The Hebb Rule algorithm was applied to perform network weight learning so that the system could recognize patterns of relationships between symptoms and disease types based on historical data. The results of the study show that the Hebb Rule algorithm was successfully implemented into a web-based system capable of generating diagnostic decisions based on the highest activation values in the output neurons. This system can process patient symptom data quickly and provide prediction results consistent with the training data patterns. This study concludes that the use of ANNs with the Hebb Rule method is effective as a tool for early detection and decision support for medical personnel to improve the efficiency of healthcare services in hospitals.

This study aims to propose and test a model of the influence of machine learning techniques in entrepreneurship education on improving the business innovation readiness of vocational high school graduates, which has implications for students' entrepreneurial interest and innovative abilities in the digital era. We distributed an online questionnaire to 450 respondents from vocational high school students majoring in business and management in Indonesia. Data analysis used a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach with AMOS 26 software, through the stages of measurement model and structural model for hypothesis testing.The results of this study indicate that three main factors shaping machine learning techniques in entrepreneurship education (e.g., predictive analytics, recommendation systems, and clustering for business ideas) can influence students' business innovation readiness. Of these three dimensions, only predictive analytics significantly increases entrepreneurial interest and innovation readiness. Meanwhile, recommendation systems and clustering show negative or insignificant results on entrepreneurial interest directly, although they contribute to improving technical competency. Machine learning-based entrepreneurship education in vocational schools focuses not only on teaching business theory but also requires developing predictive and data analysis skills that determine graduates' business innovation readiness. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating machine learning into vocational curricula to prepare vocational school students to face the challenges of entrepreneurship in the Industry 4.0 and 5.0 eras.

The development of digital technology has brought significant changes to the world of education, particularly in the development of technology-based learning media. Students, as the digital generation, are required to have adequate digital literacy skills to effectively utilize technology in the learning process. One learning medium that can support digital literacy is K-Visoft Flipbook Maker, software that can convert digital documents into interactive e-books. This Community Service (PKM) activity aims to improve the digital literacy skills of FKIP Asahan University students through training on the use of K-Visoft Flipbook Maker. The methods used included preparation, training implementation, mentoring, and evaluation. Forty FKIP Asahan University students participated in the activity. The results showed an increase in students' abilities in developing digital learning media. The average pretest score of 62.4 increased to 86.7 in the posttest. This 24.3-point increase demonstrates the effectiveness of the training in improving students' digital literacy skills. Furthermore, students were able to produce interactive flipbooks that can be used as learning media. Thus, the K-Visoft Flipbook Maker training was effective in improving students' digital literacy skills.

This community service program aimed to accelerate the digitalisation of learning at SDN Lebakwangi through strengthening human resource capacity and information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure. Before program implementation, a needs assessment was conducted involving 18 teachers to identify the school's initial conditions. The findings revealed a relatively high level of digital device ownership, with 16 teachers owning smartphones and 13 owning laptops. However, the integration of ICT into teaching and learning remained limited; 72.2% of teachers reported using technology only occasionally due to internet quota constraints. Approximately 72% of respondents relied on personal mobile data with network quality insufficient for video-based learning, while only 27% had access to the school’s Wi-Fi network. Teachers’ digital literacy competencies varied, with most falling within the moderate to high categories, although several teachers still demonstrated very low levels of digital competence. These findings served as the basis for implementing a differentiated training strategy. The analysis also indicated that technology use was predominantly focused on presentation tools such as Canva, PowerPoint, and YouTube (77%), whereas the utilization of interactive platforms, including learning management systems (LMS) and digital assessment applications, remained low (16%). Furthermore, 88.8% of teachers expressed a preference for hands-on training. Based on these findings, the community service team designed a program tailored to the partner school's needs to support sustainable digital transformation in learning.

Abstract: Digital transformation has created new opportunities for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to enhance competitiveness through the adoption of digital technologies. This study aims to analyze the role of digital entrepreneurship in improving MSME competitiveness in the digital transformation era. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach was employed following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature was collected from Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Emerald Insight, SpringerLink, and Taylor & Francis Online, covering publications from 2021 to 2025. Of the 185 articles initially identified, 30 met the inclusion criteria and were selected for analysis. The findings indicate that digital entrepreneurship contributes to MSME competitiveness through digital innovation, digital capability development, market expansion, and business model transformation. In addition to improving operational efficiency and decision-making quality, digital entrepreneurship enables MSMEs to create sustainable competitive advantages. The results also reveal that successful implementation depends on technological readiness, human resource competencies, and digital ecosystem support. This study enriches the digital entrepreneurship literature by explaining the relationship between digital entrepreneurship, digital capabilities, digital innovation, and MSME competitiveness. Keywords: digital entrepreneurship; digital transformation; digital capability; msme competitiveness; systematic literature review   Abstrak: Transformasi digital telah menciptakan peluang baru bagi Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) untuk meningkatkan daya saing melalui pemanfaatan teknologi digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran digital entrepreneurship dalam meningkatkan daya saing UMKM di era transformasi digital. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengacu pada pedoman PRISMA 2020. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Emerald Insight, SpringerLink, dan Taylor & Francis Online terhadap artikel yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2021–2025. Dari 185 artikel yang teridentifikasi, sebanyak 30 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis lebih lanjut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa digital entrepreneurship berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan daya saing UMKM melalui penguatan inovasi digital, pengembangan kapabilitas digital, perluasan akses pasar, dan transformasi model bisnis. Selain meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan kualitas pengambilan keputusan, penerapan kewirausahaan digital juga memungkinkan UMKM menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif yang berkelanjutan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan implementasi digital entrepreneurship dipengaruhi oleh kesiapan teknologi, kompetensi sumber daya manusia, dan dukungan ekosistem digital. Penelitian ini memperkaya literatur kewirausahaan digital dengan menjelaskan hubungan antara digital entrepreneurship, kapabilitas digital, inovasi digital, dan daya saing UMKM. Kata kunci: digital entrepreneurship; transformasi digital; kapabilitas digital; daya saing umkm; systematic literature review

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the differences in learning outcomes between students taught using differentiated learning and those taught using conventional learning, as well as to examine the effectiveness of differentiated learning in improving Economics learning outcomes of tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Medan. This research employed an experimental method with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 72 students divided into an experimental class and a control class. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test assessments. The data were analyzed using the independent sample t-test, ANOVA, and N-Gain test. The results showed a significant difference in learning outcomes between students who received differentiated learning and those who received conventional learning. This was evidenced by the t-value of 13.998, which was higher than the t-table value of 1.994. Furthermore, the N-Gain test result showed a percentage of 78.59%, which was categorized as effective. Therefore, differentiated learning was proven to be effective in improving the Economics learning outcomes of tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Medan, particularly on the topics of Central Banking, Payment Systems, and Payment Instruments. Keywords: Differentiated Learning and Learning Outcomes   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar peserta didik yang menggunakan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dan pembelajaran konvensional serta mengetahui efektivitas pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar Ekonomi siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 72 siswa yang dibagi ke dalam kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes pre-test dan post-test. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji t-test, ANOVA, dan N-Gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dan pembelajaran konvensional. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai t-hitung sebesar 13,998 lebih besar dari t-tabel sebesar 1,994. Hasil uji N-Gain menunjukkan persentase sebesar 78,59% yang termasuk dalam kategori efektif. Dengan demikian, pembelajaran berdiferensiasi efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar Ekonomi siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Medan pada materi Bank Sentral, Sistem Pembayaran, dan Alat Pembayaran. Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi dan Hasil Belajar

Abstract: The research problem is rooted in the low level of teacher readiness and self-confidence in carrying out teaching duties among students of the 2022 Economic Education Stambuk program at Medan State University. This research is a quantitative study with an ex post facto approach. The study population consisted of all 60 students of the 2022 Economic Education Stambuk program at the Faculty of Economics, Medan State University. The sampling technique used total sampling, so the entire population was used as the research sample. introduction to the school field (PLP) II has a positive and significant effect on readiness to become a teacher with a calculated t value of 2.693 and a significance value of 0.009 < 0.05, (2) Self-confidence has a positive and significant effect on readiness to become a teacher with a calculated t value of 4.482 and a significance value of 0.001 < 0.05, (3) introduction to the school field (PLP) II and self-confidence simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on readiness to become a teacher with a calculated F value of 51.714 and a significance value of 0.001 < 0.05 and (4) the contribution of introduction to the school field (PLP) II and self-confidence to readiness to become a teacher is 63.2%, while the remaining 36.8% is influenced by other factors outside the research. Keywords: Introduction to the School Field (PLP) II, Self-Confidence, Readiness to Become a Teacher   Abstrak: Penelitian memiliki permasalahan yang dilatar belakangi rendahnya kesiapan untuk menjadi guru dan kepercayaan diri dalam melaksanakan tugas keguruan pada mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi Stambuk 2022 Universitas Negeri Medan. . Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan ex post facto. Populasi penelitian terdiri atas seluruh mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi Stambuk 2022 Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Medan yang berjumlah 60 mahasiswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling, sehingga seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel penelitian. pengenalan lapangan persekolahan (PLP) II berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesiapan menjadi guru dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 2,693 dan nilai signifikansi 0,009 < 0,05, (2) Kepercayaan diri berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesiapan menjadi guru dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 4,482 dan nilai signifikansi 0,001 < 0,05, (3) pengenalan lapangan persekolahan (PLP) II dan kepercayaan diri secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesiapan menjadi guru dengan nilai F hitung sebesar 51,714 dan nilai signifikansi 0,001 < 0,05 dan (4) kontribusi pengenalan lapangan persekolahan (PLP) II dan kepercayaan diri terhadap kesiapan menjadi guru sebesar 63,2%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 36,8% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain di luar penelitian. Kata Kunci: Pengenalan Lapangan Persekolahan (PLP) II, Kepercayaan Diri Kesiapan Menjadi Guru

 Abstract: Higher education plays a crucial and strategic role in relation to the focus of national development, specifically the economic and human resource sectors. This study utilizes a qualitative approach and development in the field of education, utilizing Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) as the primary data collection technique. This study utilized a qualitative approach, utilizing Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) as the primary data collection technique. These FGDs allowed researchers to explore in-depth perspectives from participants through dynamic group interactions. The FGDs yielded a hypothetical model depicting the synergistic relationship between the three primary vocational education entities. The LPTK plays a role in providing the foundations of entrepreneurial competencies and automotive engineering skills, as well as shaping students' self-confidence and character. The validation results for the development of the Triple-Helix partnership model in preparing vocational students showed a high level of feasibility, with an overall score of 87%, categorized as suitable for use with revision. The development of a vocational student preparation model is based on a triple-helix partnership. The triple-helix partnership is based on a partnership between LPTK, SMK, and DUDI (industrial and industrial sectors). The key factor in the success of this model is the foundation of the partnership, a memorandum of understanding (MoU) between the three parties.  Keywords: Vocational student development, triple-helix partnerships   Abstrak: Perguruan Tinggi mempunyai peran penting dan strategis apabila dikaitkan dengan titik berat pembangunan nasional yaitu sektor ekonomi dan sumberdaya manusia. Melalui peningkatan peranan dan pembangunan dibidang pendidikan ini diwujudkan sumber daya manusia, Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode Focus Group Discussion (FGD) sebagai teknik utama pengumpulan data dengan pendekatan studi eksploratif kualitatif. FGD dipilih karena memungkinkan peneliti untuk menggali perspektif mendalam dari partisipan melalui interaksi kelompok yang dinamis. dari FGD menghasilkan sebuah model hipotetik yang menggambarkan hubungan sinergis antar tiga entitas utama pendidikan vokasional. LPTK berperan dalam memberikan dasar-dasar kompetensi keahlian wirausaha dan keahlian teknik otomotif, serta membentuk kepercayaan diri dan karakter Siswa. Hasil validasi terhadap pengembangan model kemitraan Triple-Helix dalam penyiapan siswa vokasional menunjukkan tingkat kelayakan yang tinggi dengan skor keseluruhan sebesar 87%, yang berada pada kategori layak digunakan dengan revisi. pengembangan  model penyiapan siswa vokasional berbasis kemitraan triple-helix. Kemitraan triple-helix didasarkan pada kemitraan antara Perguruan Tinggi LPTK, SMK, dan DUDI. Faktor yang menjadi kunci keberhasilan model ini adalah landasan kemitraan berupa nota kesepahaman (MoU) antara ketiga pihak tersebut. Kata kunci : Perkembangan siswa vokasional, kemitraan triple-helix  

Abstract: The development of modern technology in the automotive industry, such as electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, and digital manufacturing, requires Vocational High Schools (SMK) to continuously adjust their curriculum. This study aims to analyze the management of SMK automotive curriculum in facing modern technological developments. The research method used is library research with a qualitative descriptive approach through the analysis of various literature, educational policies, scientific journals, and documents related to vocational education. The results of the study indicate that the success of automotive curriculum management is determined by four main management functions, namely planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating the curriculum. The integration of modern technology into the curriculum requires industry involvement, improving teacher competency, providing technology-based infrastructure, and implementing project-based learning and Teaching Factory. An adaptive and flexible curriculum can increase the relevance of graduate competencies to the needs of the workforce. Therefore, synergy between schools, government, industry, and universities is a crucial factor in realizing automotive vocational education that is responsive to modern technological developments. Keywords: Curriculum Management, Automotive Vocational School, Modern Technology, Vocational Education, Automotive Industry.   Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi modern pada industri otomotif, seperti kendaraan listrik, kendaraan hibrida, sistem Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), Internet of Things (IoT), kecerdasan buatan, dan digitalisasi manufaktur, menuntut Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) untuk melakukan penyesuaian kurikulum secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis manajemen kurikulum SMK bidang otomotif dalam menghadapi perkembangan teknologi modern. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan (library research) dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif melalui analisis berbagai literatur, kebijakan pendidikan, jurnal ilmiah, dan dokumen terkait pendidikan vokasi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan manajemen kurikulum otomotif ditentukan oleh empat fungsi utama manajemen, yaitu perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi kurikulum. Integrasi teknologi modern ke dalam kurikulum memerlukan keterlibatan industri, peningkatan kompetensi guru, penyediaan sarana-prasarana berbasis teknologi, serta penerapan pembelajaran berbasis proyek dan Teaching Factory. Kurikulum yang adaptif dan fleksibel mampu meningkatkan relevansi kompetensi lulusan terhadap kebutuhan dunia kerja. Oleh karena itu, sinergi antara sekolah, pemerintah, industri, dan perguruan tinggi menjadi faktor penting dalam mewujudkan pendidikan vokasi otomotif yang responsif terhadap perkembangan teknologi modern. Kata Kunci: Manajemen Kurikulum, SMK Otomotif, Teknologi Modern, Pendidikan Vokasi, Industri Otomotif.

Abstract: This study was conducted to determine how well students understand the Decision Support Systems course using the MABAC method. This study involved five Royal University students as the main subjects. During the learning process, it is often difficult to assess students' comprehensive understanding from only one aspect, so a method that can consider various factors simultaneously is needed. The five students were evaluated using four criteria — Material Understanding (25%), Application & Discussion Participation (30%), Activeness & Technical Skills (30%), and Communication (15%). The targeted output is a scientific article that can serve as a reference for Royal University, in designing a more systematic and objective data-based evaluation system. In this study, previously the assessment was based on several things such as activeness in class, assignment results, exam scores, and participation during lectures. The MABAC method was used because it can help in making decisions based on multiple criteria more objectively. The collected data was then processed to produce a ranking that indicates the level of understanding of each student. The results of the study indicate that the MABAC method can help provide a clearer and more structured picture of student understanding. With this method, lecturers can more easily identify which students have grasped the material well and which still need further guidance. This research is expected to become an alternative way to improve the quality of learning evaluation at Royal University.   Keywords: MABAC; comprehensive understanding evaluation; decision support system; learning outcomes; multi-criteria decision making   Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat seberapa baik mahasiswa memahami mata kuliah Sistem Pendukung Keputusan dengan menggunakan metode MABAC. Penelitian ini melibatkan 5 mahasiswa Universitas Royal sebagai objek utama. Selama proses pembelajaran, sering kali sulit untuk menilai pemahaman mahasiswa secara menyeluruh hanya dari satu aspek, sehingga dibutuhkan metode yang bisa mempertimbangkan berbagai faktor sekaligus. Dari Lima mahasiswa dievaluasi menggunakan empat kriteria — Pemahaman Materi (25%), Penerapan & Partisipasi Diskusi (30%), Keaktifan & Keterampilan teknis (30%), dan Komunikasi (15%). Luaran yang ditargetkan adalah artikel ilmiah yang dapat menjadi referensi bagi Universitas Royal, dalam merancang sistem evaluasi berbasis data yang lebih sistematis dan objektif. Dalam penelitian ini, sebelumnya penilaian dilakukan berdasarkan beberapa hal seperti keaktifan di kelas, hasil tugas, nilai ujian, dan partisipasi selama perkuliahan. Metode MABAC digunakan karena mampu membantu dalam mengambil keputusan berdasarkan banyak kriteria secara lebih objektif. Data yang telah dikumpulkan kemudian diolah untuk menghasilkan peringkat yang menunjukkan tingkat pemahaman masing-masing mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode MABAC dapat membantu memberikan gambaran yang lebih jelas dan terstruktur mengenai pemahaman mahasiswa. Dengan adanya metode ini, dosen dapat lebih mudah mengetahui mahasiswa yang sudah memahami materi dengan baik maupun yang masih perlu bimbingan lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu cara alternatif dalam meningkatkan kualitas evaluasi pembelajaran di Universitas Royal.   Kata kunci: MABAC; evaluasi pemahaman komprehensif; sistem pendukung keputusan; capaian pembelajaran; multi-criteria decision making  

Abstract: This study aims to explore the pedagogical values within the Pilandok Takial Kial dance as an instrument for revitalizing youth ethics in Labuhanbatu Regency. In the digital era, teenagers face challenges of moral degradation and identity crisis that distance them from their local cultural roots. This study employs a qualitative approach with descriptive-analytical methods using Roland Barthes' Semiotic theory. Data were collected through textual observation of movements, literature studies, and in-depth interviews with dance maestros and traditional leaders. The results show that the Pilandok dance is not merely an aesthetic representation of a mousedeer’s movements but a system of signs containing strategic moral messages. Symbols of vigilance (eyes), resilience (takial-kial feet), and manners (worship gestures) are manifestations of the "civilized ingenuity" concept. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of integrating dance philosophy into character education curricula to shape a Generation Z that is intellectually bright yet still upholds Malay values of politeness. Keywords: Pilandok Takial Kial Dance, Semiotics, Youth Ethics, Labuhanbatu, Cultural Revitalization.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi nilai-nilai pedagogis dalam Tari Pilandok Takial Kial sebagai instrumen revitalisasi etika remaja di Kabupaten Labuhanbatu. Di era digital, remaja menghadapi tantangan degradasi moral dan krisis identitas yang menjauhkan mereka dari akar budaya lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitis melalui teori Semiotika Roland Barthes. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi tekstual gerak, studi literatur, serta wawancara mendalam dengan maestro tari dan tokoh adat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Tari Pilandok bukan sekadar representasi estetika gerak kancil, melainkan sebuah sistem tanda yang mengandung pesan moral strategis. Simbol kewaspadaan (mata), resiliensi (kaki takial-kial), dan adab (gestur sembah) merupakan manifestasi dari konsep "kecerdikan beradab". Implikasi penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya integrasi filosofi tari ke dalam kurikulum pendidikan karakter untuk membentuk Generasi Z yang cerdas secara intelektual namun tetap menjunjung tinggi nilai kesantunan Melayu. Kata kunci: Tari Pilandok Takial Kial, Semiotika, Etika Remaja, Labuhanbatu, Revitalisasi Budaya.